Unit 3

Functions                                                                                            Expressing Purpose    P: 41

Definition:

Purpose: intent, intention, aim, design(noun) is an anticipated outcome that is intended or that guides your planned actions. We can also define it as the reason for which something exists or is done, made, used, etc. it is an intended or desired result; end; aim; goal.

Expressing purpose:

Purpose with to, in order to and so as to in the affirmative form.

Examples:

 Mohamed is having extra hours at night to be well prepared for the exam.

 I went with my little sister to school in order to explain to the director that she was ill.

 The teacher gave more examples so as to clarify the lesson for students.

Purpose with so as not to and in order not to to express purpose in the negative form.

Examples:

 We ran all the way to school in order not to be late for the test.

 My friend eats less these days so as not to be fat.

 Parents keep giving advice to their children so as not to have serious problems.

Purpose with so that + subject+ verb (modal)+ phrase.

Examples:

- The driver drove quickly so that he would reach the station in time.

- The government warns the citizens so that they take care of the forests.

- Many countries are opting for green energy so that they can save the planet.

Purpose with for + a noun or a verb + ing.

Examples:

- People use WhatsApp for communicating.

- We use the highway for economizing time.

- We should never use smartphone for cheating.

EXERCISE:

Join these sentences as indicated:

1-Ali exercises a lot these days. He wants to participate in the Marathon. / Ali………………….to……………………………….

2-Leila makes tremendous efforts in Maths. She intends to be an Olympiad winner. / Leila……………..in order to…………………..

3- My father booked the ticket early. He didn’t want to miss the plane to Casablanca. / My father……………in order not……………………

4- Many Doctorate students participate in conferences. They want to gain experience in conferencing. / Many Doctorate students………………so that…………………………..

5- My mother fasts during the month before Ramadan. She does it for pleasure. / My mother ……….for………………

Correction

1-Ali exercises a lot these days to participate in the Marathon.

2-Leila makes tremendous efforts in Maths in order to be an Olympiad winner.

3- My father booked the ticket early in order not to miss the plane to Casablanca.

4- Many Doctorate students participate in conferences so that they gain experience in conferencing.

5- My mother fasts during the month before Ramadan for pleasure.